Brand new to Indie Hackers, completely overwhelmed by all the terminology

Hello @Hazzahead 👋
Welcome to the IH community 🎉

I realise it can be a bit overwhelming discovering the community without prior knowledge or experience in the field indeed. Sorry about that, I will do my best to guide you.
Regarding indiehacking in general, you can read the about page of this community that describes a bit what it means to be an indiehacker.

Although it's often related to computer science, as most of us here create digital products, all people here have a very personal vision of what it means to be an indiehacker, and I've seen some of my friend doing non-computer related jobs live as indiehackers. The main idea is to provide value as an independent worker (or a small team) and sell this value directly to your customer.

The term indiehacker might refer to the fact that compared to well-funded startups, the means use to achieve the goals might often be considered "an hack" by most of the professionals in the industry (i.e, non-conventional, in disrespect with most of the engineering rules).
Along your studies in computer science, and most likely in your future career, you'll learn a lot of rules considered good practices to build sustainable software in well-established companies. Those rules are important to understand, and most of the software engineer in the field try to follow them. However, in order to build an effective business, it's often important to know when to bypass them as respecting them is often too much hassle for an indiedeveloper (it's too much time/money consuming) and lead to not shipping your product to your customer due to the mental overload. We often use the term MVP (Most Valuable Product) to describe the minimal product you must create to reach your customers, and some indiehackers have successfully demonstrated that an MVP could be as simple as a landing page (a static/marketing website page used to describe/sell a product) or an automated script, rather than a complex application like Twitter or Facebook.

If you're interested in reading more about the indie way of making things, @levelsio has written a book which is in my opinion the best resource to start with. You can also follow him on Twitter where he is very active and the best way to learn things is likely to discover over indies on this social network.
Here are some of them I find interesting to follow:

• Davis Baer (founder of OneUpApp)
• Pierre de Wulf (founder of ScrappingBee)
• Damon Chen (founder of Testimonial.to)
• Peter Suhm (founder of Reform)
• Jon Yongfook (founder of Bannerbear)
• Brett (founder of DesignJoy)
• Dan Rowden

Regarding software engineering in general, you can read the following book

• The effective engineer

or follow some of the most well-known developers in the industry, such as (for the web):

• Josh Comeau (CSS)
• Dan Abramov (React)
• Kent C. Dodds (React/JavaScript)

Regarding the marketing/growth aspect, here are some resources I use:

• https://www.julian.com/guide/growth/intro
• https://growth.design/

I realise this answer is already quite long, so if you have any specific questions or things you don't understand, feel free to ask 😄