What tech stacks do Indie Hackers creators commonly use?

This question explores the tools, programming languages, frameworks, and platforms that independent developers and entrepreneurs (Indie Hackers) typically rely on to build their startups or side projects.

It’s about understanding which technologies are most popular or practical for small teams or solo founders — for example, front-end frameworks like React or Next.js, back-end tools like Node.js, Django, or Ruby on Rails, and hosting services such as Vercel, AWS, or Supabase. It might also include no-code or low-code tools, payment integrations (like Stripe), analytics, and marketing automation platforms.

In short, this question helps new Indie Hackers decide which tech stack is efficient, cost-effective, and scalable for launching a minimal viable product (MVP) or a sustainable online business.